高海拔地区铁路施工人员心理弹性对安全行为的影响研究
Influence of psychological flexibility on safety behavior of railroad construction workers in high altitude areas
- 铁道科学与工程学报 2023年20卷第11期 页码：4377-4388
- 作者机构：
1.兰州交通大学 土木工程学院，甘肃 兰州 730070
- 作者简介：
莫俊文(1977—)，男，甘肃陇西人，教授，博士，从事铁路工程施工安全与职业健康管理研究；E-mail：mojunwen@mail.lzjtu.cn
- 基金信息：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72261026;51668037)
DOI：10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20222311
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莫俊文,崔利兵.高海拔地区铁路施工人员心理弹性对安全行为的影响研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2023,20(11):4377-4388.
MO Junwen,CUI Libing.Influence of psychological flexibility on safety behavior of railroad construction workers in high altitude areas[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2023,20(11):4377-4388.
莫俊文,崔利兵.高海拔地区铁路施工人员心理弹性对安全行为的影响研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2023,20(11):4377-4388. DOI： 10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20222311.
MO Junwen,CUI Libing.Influence of psychological flexibility on safety behavior of railroad construction workers in high altitude areas[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2023,20(11):4377-4388. DOI： 10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20222311.
摘要
为提高高海拔地区铁路施工人员安全行为水平，探讨心理弹性对安全行为的影响机理。基于社会认知理论和人—环境交互作用理论，引入安全自我效能和高海拔环境风险感知作为心理弹性和安全行为间关系的中介变量和调节变量，构建心理弹性和安全行为关系的假设模型。首先，采用一种分阶段收集数据的方法，使用有关心理弹性和安全行为的成熟量表，以甘肃、青海和西藏在建的高海拔铁路施工区域8个项目部的一线施工人员为研究对象进行问卷调查。其次，在验证性因子分析和相关性分析的基础上运用AMOS 24.0建立结构方程模型验证假设并计算路径系数。最后，构建安全行为的因果关系图和流图，将路径系数和常量作为系统动力学(SD)模拟仿真参数，在安全自我效能和高海拔环境风险感知的干预下，运用Vensim模拟心理弹性和安全行为的变化过程。研究结果表明，心理弹性显著正向影响安全行为(安全遵守和安全参与)；安全自我效能在心理弹性和安全行为(安全遵守和安全参与)影响关系中起中介作用；高海拔环境风险感知显著调节心理弹性对安全行为(安全遵守和安全参与)的影响。仿真结果表明，在安全自我效能和高海拔环境风险感知的干预作用下，心理弹性和安全行为呈现为先下降再上升的抛物线。研究成果丰富了心理学在工程实践中的应用，为安全行为研究提供了新思路，对提高企业安全管理水平提供了切实可行的建议。
Abstract
To improve the level of safety behavior of railroad construction personnel in high altitude areas, and to explore the mechanism of the influence of psychological flexibility on safety behavior. Based on social cognitive theory and human-environment interaction theory, this study introduced safety self-efficacy and high-altitude environmental risk perception as mediating and moderating variables of the relationship between psychological resilience and safety behavior. At the same time, a hypothetical model of the relationship between psychological resilience and safety behavior was constructed. Firstly, a phased approach to data collection was adopted, using a well-established scale about psychological resilience and safety behavior. A questionnaire survey was conducted with front-line construction personnel from eight project departments of the under-construction high-altitude railway construction areas in Gansu, Qinghai and Tibet. Secondly, structural equations were established based on validated factor analysis and correlation analysis using AMOS 24.0 model to verify the hypothesis and calculate the path coefficients. Finally, the causality and flow diagrams of safety behaviors were constructed. The path coefficients and constants were used as system dynamics (SD) simulation parameters to simulate the change process of psychological resilience and safety behaviors under the intervention of safety self-efficacy and high-altitude environmental risk perception using Vensim. The results show that psychological resilience significantly and positively can influence safety behavior (safety compliance and safety participation), and safety self-efficacy mediated the relationship between psychological resilience and safety behavior (safety compliance and safety participation). Meanwhile, the perception of risk in high-altitude environment significantly moderated the influence of psychological flexibility on safety behavior (safety compliance and safety participation). In addition, the simulation results show that psychological resilience and safety behaviors show a parabolic line of decline and then increase under the intervention of safety self-efficacy and high-altitude environmental risk perception. The results not only can enrich the application of psychology in engineering practice, but also provide new ideas for safety behavior research and practical suggestions for improving enterprise safety management.
关键词
心理弹性高海拔铁路施工安全行为结构方程模型系统动力学
Keywords
psychological resiliencehigh-altitude railroad constructionsafety behaviorstructural equation modelingsystem dynamics
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